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PNPT Studies

PJPT Studies

AD CS / Certificate Attacks (ESC1-15) (1, 8, 11 for now)

Report Writing / Client Presentation

Operationalizing Cybercrime Data (June 2025)

Staged vs. Non-staged Payloads

Staged:

Sends payload in stages

can be less stable

example:

windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

Non-staged:

Sends exploit shellcode all at once

Larger in size and won’t always work

example:

windows/meterpreter_reverse_tcp

DIFFERENCE IN ACTUAL USE:

literally the / vs _ use whichever ends up working.

Note: example is reverse shell on tcp